Disease measurement
Severely endemic tuberculosis setting
Setting in which there are more than 500 cases of tuberculosis per 100 000 population in a single year.
Risk of M. tuberculosis transmission
Probability of passing M. tuberculosis to another individual. This may be influenced by factors such as the frequency of contact with the source person, proximity and duration of contact, use of respiratory protection, environmental factors, and infectiousness of the source person.
Notified tuberculosis case
Case of tuberculosis that is reported to the National Tuberculosis Programme.
Prevalence surveys (for tuberculosis)
Studies to periodically measure tuberculosis burden in a particular country or setting. They usually measure bacteriologically confirmed TB in those ≥15 years of age.
Low tuberculosis incidence settings
Countries or distinct parts of countries characterized by a low burden of tuberculosis (with a tuberculosis incidence <10/100 000 population).
Inventory study for tuberculosis
Study conducted with the aim of assessing the number of detected persons with tuberculosis during a defined period of time by actively observing health providers’ practice, and then computing the proportion of detected cases not reported to health authorities.
High TB/HIV burden countries
20 countries with the highest estimated numbers of incident TB/HIV cases, plus the 10 countries with the highest estimated TB/HIV incidence that are not in the top 20 by absolute number (threshold: >10 000 estimated incident TB/ HIV cases per year).
Highly endemic tuberculosis
More than 300 tuberculosis cases per 100 000 population in a year.
Endemic tuberculosis
Above 100 tuberculosis cases per 100 000 population.
Case notification
Reporting of all tuberculosis cases to an authority such as a health department or national surveillance system, as required by national laws or regulations.
